How Schizophrenia Affects The Lifespan - 1595 Words

How Schizophrenia affects the Lifespan 3 How Schizophrenia affects the Lifespan Schizophrenia is a mental illness that inhibits a person’s ability to think clearly, manage their emotions, make their own decisions, and associate with others. It is a complicated, long term illness that affects one percent of Americans. Even though Schizophrenia can occur at any age, it is more common for men in their early twenties and early twenties to late thirties in women. It is possible to lead a happy, fulfilling life with Schizophrenia. (Nami 2016) Schizophrenia is linked to functional malformations in the brain. The regions of the brain†¦show more content†¦Research proposes that smoking marijuana can cause Schizophrenia in young children who are at risk for the illness. It would be best for anyone who has a family member with Schizophrenia to avoid smoking marijuana and using other drugs. (TeenMentalHealth) Psychosis, another name for Schizophrenia, is a brain condition that is made superior or poor by environmental f actors such as drug use and stress. Children and youth who had exposure to psychosis frequently say something is not right or cannot tell if something is real or not real. It is an unusual illness in young children and is hard to identify in its early stages. The occurrence of symptoms of psychosis before twelve years old is scarce, less than one-sixtieth, but studying these situations are important for comprehension of this disorder. Most children with schizophrenia show delays in language and other functions before their psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, and disordered thinking materialize. In the first years of life, about thirty percent of young children have short-lived symptoms of extensive developmental disorder, such as rocking, posturing, and arm flapping. Childhood-onset of psychosis may present with poor motor How Schizophrenia affects the

Essay Analysis of Birches by Robert Frost - 824 Words

Analysis of Birches by Robert Frost In the poem Birches by Robert Frost, Frost portrays the images of a child growing to adulthood through the symbolism of aging birch trees. Through these images readers are able to see the reality of the real world compared to their carefree childhood. The image of life through tribulation is the main focal point of the poem and the second point of the poem is if one could revert back to the simpler times of childhood. The language of the poem is entirely arranged through images, although it contains some diction it lacks sound devices, metaphors, and similes compared to other published works by Frost. The first half of the poems’ images are of life, coming of age, and death. The first†¦show more content†¦The word loaded describes about the burden of being old compared to youthfulness just like the burden of the ice on the trees. Shattering and avalanching on the snow such heaps of broken glass to be swept away is a representation of the final stage in life and that is death. The shattering of the branches is like the death of a person and the sweeping away of the branches is like a funeral. Youd think the inner dome of heaven had fallen is the passing on of life into the after life. Also the shattering of the ice could represent renewed hope for the future because the burden has been lifted from the branches. â€Å"They are dragged to the withered bracken by the load, And they seem not to break; though once they are bowed is an image of someone who has aged but not passed on yet. So low for long, they never right themselves represents how they will never be able to relive their childhood. While the first half of the poem deals with the coming of age the second half of the poem deals with childhood and wanting to stay young for as long as possible. The first image of childhood by Frost is when Truth broke in With all her matter-of-fact about the ice storm, I should prefer to have some boy bend them. A boy bending the trees in stead of ice storm allows the tree to never age because they will always return to their original shape and never break by the burden of a load. This is further expressed By riding them down over and over again Until he tookShow MoreRelatedEssay on Analysis of Birches by Robert Frost811 Words   |  4 PagesIn the poem Birches by Robert Frost, Frost portrays the images of a child growing to adulthood through the symbolism of aging birch trees. Through these images readers are able to see the reality of the real world compared to there carefree childhood. The image of life through tribulation is the main focal point of the poem and the second point of the poem is if one could revert back to the simpler times of childhood. The language of the poem is entirely arranged through images, although it containsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem Birches By Robert Frost1711 Words   |  7 PagesEarth. Robert Frost features this idea through his poem â€Å"Birches.† Frost discusses this idea through a falsehood, for, at first glance the meaning of the poem is significantly different than the deeper meaning. Although â€Å"Birches† seems to be about a child frolicking through the trees, Frost’s â€Å"Birches† is actually about how people act cruelly towards nature and how they should change their ways to respect the earth, because the tenor, the form and vehicle, and critical interpretation. Robert Frost’sRead MoreAnalysis Of Robert Frost s Birches 3014 Words   |  13 PagesThe most misinterpreted element in Robert Frost poetry is his use of nature in a symbolic way. Frost is not describing the inner workings of nature as we see it all around us, but about exploring human psychology. 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The poem is divided into four parts: an introduction, a scientific analysis of the bending of birch trees, an imaginatively false analysis of the phenomenon involving a New England farm boy, and a reflective wish Frost makes, wantingRead MoreEssay on Analysis of Birches559 Words   |  3 PagesAnalysis of Birches  Ã‚   The discursive blank-verse meditation Birches does not center on a continuously encountered and revealing nature scene; rather, it builds a mosaic of thoughts from fragments of memory and fantasy. Its vividness and genial, bittersweet speculation help make it one of Frosts most popular poems, and because its shifts of metaphor and tone invite varying interpretation it has also received much critical discussion, not always admiring. The poem moves back and forth betweenRead MoreThe Poetry Of Robert Frost3137 Words   |  13 Pagesexamine the poetry of Robert Frost for references to themes of nature, religion, and humanity and how they relate to each other. This exercise will be prefaced with a brief introduction to the man and his life as a segue to better understanding Frost’s verse. The unexpected but unavoidable aim of this composition will be to realize that Frost’s body of work is almost too sophisticated to comprehend, his manipulation of language so elusive that each reader may believe Frost is speaking only to themRead MoreEssay about The Psychology of Robert Frost’s Nature Poetry3064 Words   |  13 PagesThe Psychology of Robert Frost’s Nature Poetry Robert Frost’s nature poetry occupies a significant place in the poetic arts; however, it is likely Frost’s use of nature is the most misunderstood aspect of his poetry. While nature is always present in Frost’s writing, it is primarily used in a â€Å"pastoral sense† (Lynen 1). This makes sense as Frost did consider himself to be a shepherd. Frost uses nature as an image that he wants us to see or a metaphor that he wants us to relate to on a psychologicalRead MoreWinter: A Magical Time of Year809 Words   |  3 Pagesand the cold weather. Winter is a great time to just sit inside by a fire and read a book. The peace and quiet of winter is also what makes it one of the best seasons of the year. The analysis of the following poems â€Å"Now Winter Nights Enlarge† by Thomas Campion, â€Å"Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening† by Robert Frost, â€Å"Like Brooms of Steel† by Emily Dickinson, â€Å"Winter Morning† by William Jay Smith, â€Å"Winter: 10 degrees† by Barbara Novack, and â€Å"Winter Sunday† by Mark Wunderlich will show how they areRead MoreModern Cinem Mise En Scene2125 Words   |  9 PagesWhite captivates when winter strikes with its fierce frigid air, leaving those in its reach stuck in the â€Å"nothing that is not there and the nothing that is.† The only so lution of winter’s enclosure is the sweet escape of an affectionate sun. Passage Analysis (Passage Two) Karen Tei Yamshita’s Tropic of Orange offers unique insight into the minds of seven curiously connected individuals. One such individual, Buzzworm, brings a confidently optimistic outlook for the future of his neighborhood in L.ARead MoreRobert Frost : A New England Poet3698 Words   |  15 PagesRobert Lee Frost Known for being a New England poet Robert Frost was born in San Francisco, California on March 26th, 1874. Born to a New England father William Prescott Frost Jr. and a Scottish mother Isabelle Moodie who moved to the west coast from Pennsylvania after marriage (Bailey). Both his parents were teachers and poets themselves, but his father later became a journalist with the San Francisco Evening Bulletin (Bailey). Frost spent 12 years of his life growing up in San Francisco, until

An Essay on School Free Essays

An essay on school Issues surrounding school can never be over analysed. At first glance school may seem unenchanting, however its study is a necessity for any one wishing to intellectually advance beyond their childhood. While much has been written on its influence on contemporary living, school is featuring more and more in the ideals of the young and upwardly mobile. We will write a custom essay sample on An Essay on School or any similar topic only for you Order Now Inevitably feelings run deep amongst those most reliant on technology, obviously. Here begins my indepth analysis of the glourious subject of school. Social Factors Society is a human product. The immortal and indispensable phrase ‘honesty is the best policy’ [1] globalised an issue which had remained buried in the hearts of our ancestors for centuries. Both tyranny and democracy are tried and questioned. Yet school helps to provide some sort of equilibrium in this world of ever changing, always yearning chaos. Some analysts have been tempted to disregard school. I haven’t. To put it simply, people like school. Economic Factors Economics has been defined as ‘I’ll scratch your back if you scratch mine.’ To my learned ear that sounds like two people with itchy backs. We will study the Custard-Not-Mustard model. For those of you unfamiliar with this model it is derived from the Three-Amigos model but with greater emphasis on the outlying gross national product. Political Factors Politics, we all agree, is a fact of life. Comparing international relations since the end of the century can be like observing school and political feeling. In the words of the star of stage and screen Esperanza Woodpecker ‘People in  glass houses shouldn’t through parties.’ [2] He was first introduced to school by his mother. It is a well known ‘secret’ that what prompted many politicians to first strive for power was school. I wait anxiously. What will the next few years bring for school? Conclusion We can conclude that the school may not be the best thing since sliced bread, but it’s still important. It fills a hole, puts out ‘fires’, and most importantly it perseveres. Let’s finish with a thought from star Nicole Jackson: ‘Oooh yeah school shoo badaby dooo.’ [3] How to cite An Essay on School, Essays

Managing Across Border International Business

Question: Discuss about theManaging Across Borderfor International Business. Answer: Introduction This report is focused on the study of outsourcing concept in international business. Outsourcing is used by many companies, as it helps to reduce cost of business by assigning work to another company or agency offering outsourcing services in specific field of business. There are various types of outsourcing projects in the international business like IT, manufacturing, sales, finance and human resource. Outsourcing plays an important role in international business. Outsourcing is helpful for the business, as it helps to pays more attention on core business objective and goals to the company. Further, this report critically evaluates the advantage and disadvantage of the outsourcing decisions in the business. Every business has to follow formal process to implement the outsourcing business decisions. Different steps of this process include strategy, selection, negotiation, implementation, management and completion. The report also focuses on challenges of outsourcing decisions and t he ways in which challenges can be mitigated. Outsourcing: Outsourcing is also called as business process outsourcing, which is used by various companies to decrease cost of business by transferring their work to outside people or supplier instead of doing it internally. It is a cost reducing strategy for the business when applied in a systematic manner. Sometimes, it can be affordable to buy products from companies as compared to produce the goods internally. Further, when business requires skills and expertise, which they do not have in their company, they transfer their work to another people or businesses to solve complete their work (Crize, 2014). In general, the term outsourcing means going out to get the source of what you require in the business. These days many businesses provide outsourcing for what companies require for serving the people. For an example: Dell buys some of computer part from another company to reduce its production cost. Outsourcing has many advantages like outsourcing allows organizations to find the experts for their specific works. A company can enjoy various advantages with outsourcing like capital improvement, wealth maximization and profit maximization. Along with this, the outsourcing business strategies are generally cheaper reducing cost and risk in business. Different Types of Outsourcing Decision in International Business Outsourcing strategy is helpful for taking quality decision-making in organizations for todays market scenario in the world. Organizations in international business are using the outsourcing contracts for different kinds of business needs on long-term basis for managing the particular department of the organization. The work of different departments in companies at international business platform is outsourced such as IT, Manufacturing, Sales, Human Resource and many more. The outsourcing firms are working on behalf of the same industry. Different types of outsourcing are taken for enhancing cost efficiency of company (Pamela et.al, 2015). The out-sourcing decisions are also taken for peripheral business activities, critical activities and strategic and problem-solving activities or core competence activities. Example of peripheral activitys outsourcing involve outsourcing of canteen, medical facilities to employees, transport facilities etc. If the company is outsourcing these activ ities, company will have enough time to contribute more focus on core objective of the company. On the other side, example of critical activities is the IT department of the company. Outsourcing of these activities will be helpful to more focus on other important departments of the company. For IT department, companies may need to outsource another firm for handling back of security data, total management facilities, internal audit and data processing of organization (Elizabeth, 2012). It is the example for critical activity outsourcing. Lastly, strategic and problem-solving activities are also outsourced by different organizations. For handling these problems, outsources firm (i.e. business consultants) appoints the person (with experience in the industry) for handling the problematic situations. Strategic problem may be related to different strategies adopted by the organization for the development of business. For example: For problem solving purpose in the organization, an outso urcing contract can be taken into action to know how it can see the issue related to the dispute between the employee and employer in organization (Douglas and Scott, 2012). For, resolve these problems company can also open a grievance handling cell as an alternative to outsourcing, but it may impose higher costs on business. What is the Role of Outsourcing Decisions in International Business? Every organization has the need to list out the reasons for taking outsourcing decision before stake-holders of company. Outsourcing decision is concerned about the subject matter and objective of the organization. Owner of the company will discuss its plan with different departments of the company and will do a cost benefit study of the outsourcing decision (Ian, 2012). Then the management will finalize the outsourcing decision based on the requirements of the organization. However, company will also coordinate with the employees of the company if they have any issues from the outsourcing decision. If the company takes wrong decision for outsourcing, then all the money and time will be wasted. Outsourcing is helpful for the organization, as it enables management if company to pays more attention of the others important operations of the company. Further, the organization decides to take the outsourcing decision for reducing the cost of the business (llan et.al, 2011). For example, the manufacturing of specific equipment of computers causes higher capital and efforts rather it can be outsourced for lesser amount. Therefore, outsourcing firm which the organization has given the contract will be responsible for manufacturing related issues for the specific equipment. It will helpful for the company to give more focus on others core competencies of the business. There are various business operations, if the organizations plan to implement these all by their own, the cost of business will be very high. Most of organizations at international level like banking firms, retail organizations, technology firms (like HP, Dell etc) outsource their customer care operations due to cost benefits. In case, the organizations set-up their own CSR department, it will cause costly to the company. At international business platform, it is not easy for a business entity to conduct recruitment operations smoothly due to differences of cultural, demographic and national backgrounds (Stephanie, 2012). In this situation, the outsourcing of HR proved to be productive to the companies. The outsourcing strategy is also helpful to MNCs to avail bus/transport services for their staff. The set-up of new transport department can be highly cost enhancer for the companies. Similarly, the outsourcing decisions are effective in the field of canteen facilities, security servi ces etc. Outsourcing is better option, because the same services are carried out in organization by experts in the field of service. Advantage of Outsourcing Decision Outsourcing project provides various advantages to both parties (i.e. company and outsourced vendors). The outsourcing has established a new form of business for major entrepreneurs. The major benefit of outsourcing to company is the cost and time saving in business. Few companies provide their work to other countries. They get their work done at a lower cost with better quality as compared to their own country (Schniederjans et al, 2015). Quality of work is high which ensures that low cost does not provide low quality in the work. Outsourcing eliminates the requirement of infrastructure and any equipment in the business. Outsourcing work provider also takes the responsibilities to develop infrastructure required for accomplishment of assigned work. Companies do not need to invest capital in training and recruiting of employees for their business. Outsourcing provider has the responsibility to hire/recruit and train candidates to complete their assigned work. One of the greatest bene fits of outsourcing is risk sharing in business. Through outsourcing a company can shift certain risk or obligations to outsourced vendor. Further, outsourced vendor also get responsibility with outsourcing work (Rothaermel, 2015). Outsourced vendor takes responsibilities to get work done at the right time with right accuracy. If the outsourced company does not complete work in that situation they also have to face loss in the business. Disadvantage of Outsourcing Decision A major disadvantage of outsourcing is that the companies have to disclose their secrets of the business with outsourced vendor. In addition to this, they have to pass other information like client information, login information, and business process (Dinu, 2015). Therefore, outsourced vendor is able to implement on provided work. Outsourcing company has always risk related to loss of reputation and secrets of his business. Along with this, companies are dependent on the outsourced vendors. If outsourced vendors service will go down or if their outsourcing project price will increase, the company will get loss or company will be closed due to lack of project. Apart from this, there is another disadvantage of outsource strategy, that the outsourced vendor shall have control on companys management. The company management has to lose control from outsourced department or operation (Prakken, 2012). But, the outsourced vendor will need to follow rules and regulations of company, to maintain infrastructure and to recruit people according to their requirement policies. When a company makes a contract with an outsourced vendor, various information and detail can be hidden. Few charges are hidden, which is not included in a contract like legal fees of a lawyer or making a contract with other countries company. An outsourced vendor provides specific work to other companies. Under this situation, the company just focuses on their work rather than customers satisfaction. In many cases, the outsourcing company does not get employees for outsourcing work due to lack understanding of organization culture. Sometime, the company hires employees, who do not have knowledge about work and culture of the company. Apart from this, it affects the performance of the business, because the company does not have fit employees according to the requirement of business or work. In that condition business entity will not get success or cannot sustain in the international as well as in local markets. What are Formal Steps of Implementation of Outsourcing Decision? The outsourcing decision has a specific process and path. A successful outsourcing decision is beneficial and costs saving for the business. It focuses on process improvement, core business, reduces time, expansion of business and cost containment (Boguslauskas and Kvedaravi?ien?, 2015). The formal process of outsourcing includes various steps, the detail of which is discussed as below: Strategy: It is the first phase, where senior level management takes decision to measure and reviewed to outsourcing project. It is the part of long-term strategy to get maximum profit and to concentrate on core competencies. This kind of decision can be for a particular project, program and operation. At this, step a strategy of outsourcing for organization is framed. Selection: Under this step, the company explores different vendors providing outsourcing service in required business segment and selects the most appropriate vendor for outsourcing work. The company requests information about the project or proposal process and finally selects the best fit project vendor. There are a various process in the selecting phase like defining the work, sourcing the vendor and selecting the vendor. Negotiation: Negotiation is a method in which two or more person settle differences. Negotiation is an approach, which is used for business deal and decision-making. Further, two phases are involved in negotiation process, viz. first negotiating the contract and second is signing the contract. Under this step of negotiation, the management of company negotiates with vendor providing outsourcing facilities with regards to different aspects of the contract. Implementation: This step involves the function of implementation on the outsourced agreement. Also, it includes generating the administrative activities which are a need for their management. The three major functions involved in the implementation steps are planning the transition, preparing the budget, and launching the program. Management: This step focuses on all activities, which are required to manage the outsourcing project and achieve the decided results. There are various activities which come in management activities such as managing the customer, managing the partnership or relationship with outsourced vendor, monitoring project, and negotiating changes in the project. Completion: It is the final phase of outsourcing, which includes close out function for the project. The two major functions of this step are completion of the contract and closing out the project. Challenges Faced by Organizations with Outsourcing Decisions Beyond benefits offered by outsourcing, there are also many challenges with the outsourcing strategy. The challenges are faced irrespective of how well the planning is made, budgeted and staffed. Culture difference at international level is challenge that is faced in the organization like work culture differences between both parties and differences between national culture, which are uncontrollable nowadays. Further, clashes in the work culture can create conflicts in the organization (Done, 2012). Results of culture difference may impact output standards, decision-making qualty, and operational techniques in the organization. On the other hand, the organization also has to face nation culture difference like understanding and language barriers. There is no another solution instead of creating a strong relationship between the employees and outsourcing vendors. Participation of client leader is important because they analyze the output. Lack of leaders participation will result in slow progress or failed project. Further, client leaders must have dialogues between the service provider and the organization. An organization expects and believes that outsourced vendor will take care of everything. Therefore, the organization keeps high expectation from the outsourced vendor (Brown and Wilson, 2012). If the outsourced vendor does not fulfill their expectation, then it can create conflict. Due to this, client can become frustrated and disappointed. On the other hand, besides the cost of outsourcing work, the client must focus on the risk, which comes with the project. Both outsourced vendor and client determine s the goals and objective of the project according to prepared strategy, which helps to face challenges of the organization. Ways/strategies to Mitigate the Challenges Use An Effective Outsourcing Model: It is very important element in implementing an outsourcing strategy, that the companies should utilize an effective outsourcing model. The use of model should be fit in organization according to their needs and opportunity to achieve objectives and goals. Further, outsourcing model can be divers, numerous and complex as the organization and outsourced vendor that utilize them (Mclvor, 2010). An outsourcing model has various variables such as contractual flexibility, distribution of responsibility, duration and scope. But main variable of outsourcing model is the distribution of responsibility between the outsourcing vendor and the company. Start Slowly, Build Gradually: Senior management of the organization should not focus on strategy on quickly to get success. Further, this decision should be decided according to successive outsourcing project. Companies should make sure and should take enough time to generate a solid foundation for their business (Blackthorn, 2015). Business firms may not think to get success/achievement by first outsourcing project. Both parties (i.e. company and outsourcing vendor) work together in outsourcing project therefore company should make a good relationship with outsourced vendor to achieve the objective and goals of the business. Count the Costs: It is also important to set-up realistic expectation, because the expectations are included in the cost of outsourcing. Senior management has to face implication to cut costs while hiring of skilled labor. The company has to add hidden cost in their actual work like the selection of a vendor, transitioning work, dealing with cultural differences, infrastructure and communication costs. Some hidden cost can be above 20-30 percent in outsourcing contract. In addition to this, company can minimize these costs with a right approach and management system. It is the best way to centralize the cost instead of distributing costs. It stimulates project to get the benefit of cost saving by reduced expenses. Understanding and Management of the Risks: It is not enough to make a list of risk that are expected to be present in the business, rather companies require to give priorities to manage risks which is based on anticipated impacts. In addition to this, if risks appear in the business, the company should act fast to execute the mitigation strategy to eliminate that particular risk. Set Realistic Expectations: After making objective and goals, the company requires revisiting objective and goals to make clear that they are realistic or not. It is important for the company to set its objectives (both business objectives and objectives behind major outsourcing decisions) realistic. They should focus on vendor selection cost, infrastructure, hidden cost, and lesson learned to measure profit. A realistic set of expectation enables companies to have more realistic picture of the growth and stability of the business. Return on investment calculation brings at one place, which helps to predict how these all variable will contribute in the business. Unrealistic expectation can spoil outsourcing work and cost which is invested in the business. Apart from this, a set of realistic expectation helps to support strategy. In simple form, return on investment shows how much an organization should invest in the business. Define Clear Objective: A successful outsourcing strategy starts with measurable objective and goals. Objective describes the reason of making a program, providing a framework of working, illuminating business value to make a decision (Boguslauskas and Kvedaravi?ien?, 2015). It also discusses that which outsourcing model should be used, what project should be outsourced. The objective states the context to analyze the degree of success or un-success chances of the strategy. Apart from this, it is also important for the organization that outsourcing is not a solution to every business problem. A strategy without any business objectives and goals may lead to ambiguous results and management planning. This way, the outsourcing decision needs to be taken with smart and intelligent discussion in organization. Conclusion From the above analysis, outsourcing occurs in the market, when a company provides work to another people or company rather than doing it internally to reduce cost of the organization. It is also cheaper in order of reducing cost and risk, and salaries. Apart from this, it also plays an important role in international business. Company follows a process to implement outsourcing project to get decided result. Outsourcing project has various advantage like risk sharing, cost advantage, saving cost of infrastructure and technology. On the other hand it also has various disadvantages like Loss of Confidentiality, Dependence on the outsourced vendor, Loss of managerial control, Hidden cost and Lack of customer focus. Companies are also facing many challenges in outsourcing project decision like Culture difference and Participation of client leader. To mitigate the challenge of outsourcing decision companies need to focus on various points like define clear objective, understand the manage ment risk, count the cost in advance , use an effective outsourcing model and Start slowly, build gradually. References Abbott,P.,Zheng,Y.,and Du,R.(2015) Collabration of learning and innovation across outsource services value network.UK: Springer. Blackthorn, D. (2015) What strategies do companies use to mitigate risks with offshore outsourcing?. [Online]. Available at: https://www.quora.com/What-strategies-do-companies-use-to-mitigate-risks-with-offshore-outsourcing (Accessed: 8 December 2016). Boguslauskas, V. and Kvedaravi?ien?, G. (2015) Strategic Outsourcing Plan and the Structure of Outsourcing Process. Engineering Economics, 58(3). Brown, D. and Wilson, S. (2012) The Black Book of Outsourcing: How to Manage the Changes, Challenges and Opportunities. USA: John Wiley Sons. Brown, D., and Wilson, S. (2012) The black book of outsourcing: How to manage changes, challenges and opportunites.UK: John Wiley and sons. Crize, T. (2014) what is outsourcing? Know all about outsourcing. USA: Createspace Independent Pub. Dinu, A. (2015) the Risks and Benefits of Outsourcing. Knowledge Horizons. Economics, 7(2), p.103. Done, V. (2012) Problems with Outsourcing And How to Overcome them. [online]. Available at: https://www.virtualdonewell.com/problems-with-outsourcing-and-overcome-them/ (Accessed: 8 December 2016). Mclvor, R. (2010) Global Service outsourcing. UK: Cambridge University Press. Morgan, J. S. (2012) The human side of outsourcing: physiology and management practices. UK: John Wiley and sons. Oshri, I., Kotlarsky, J., and Willocks, P.L. (2011) Handbook of global outsourcing and offsourcing.UK: Palgrave Macmillan. Prakken, B. (2012) Information, Organization and Information Systems Design: An Integrated Approach to Information Problems. Germany: Springer Science Business Media. Rothaermel, F. (2015) Strategic management. McGraw-Hill. Schniederjans, M., Schniederjans, A. and Schniederjans, D. (2015) Outsourcing and Insourcing in an International Context. UK: Routledge. Sparrow,E.(2012) Sucessful It outsourcing:From chossing the provider to manage the project.UK: Springer Science Business Media. Tho, I. (2012) Managing the risk of IT outsourcing. UK: Routledge.