How Schizophrenia Affects The Lifespan - 1595 Words

How Schizophrenia affects the Lifespan 3 How Schizophrenia affects the Lifespan Schizophrenia is a mental illness that inhibits a person’s ability to think clearly, manage their emotions, make their own decisions, and associate with others. It is a complicated, long term illness that affects one percent of Americans. Even though Schizophrenia can occur at any age, it is more common for men in their early twenties and early twenties to late thirties in women. It is possible to lead a happy, fulfilling life with Schizophrenia. (Nami 2016) Schizophrenia is linked to functional malformations in the brain. The regions of the brain†¦show more content†¦Research proposes that smoking marijuana can cause Schizophrenia in young children who are at risk for the illness. It would be best for anyone who has a family member with Schizophrenia to avoid smoking marijuana and using other drugs. (TeenMentalHealth) Psychosis, another name for Schizophrenia, is a brain condition that is made superior or poor by environmental f actors such as drug use and stress. Children and youth who had exposure to psychosis frequently say something is not right or cannot tell if something is real or not real. It is an unusual illness in young children and is hard to identify in its early stages. The occurrence of symptoms of psychosis before twelve years old is scarce, less than one-sixtieth, but studying these situations are important for comprehension of this disorder. Most children with schizophrenia show delays in language and other functions before their psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, and disordered thinking materialize. In the first years of life, about thirty percent of young children have short-lived symptoms of extensive developmental disorder, such as rocking, posturing, and arm flapping. Childhood-onset of psychosis may present with poor motor How Schizophrenia affects the

Essay Analysis of Birches by Robert Frost - 824 Words

Analysis of Birches by Robert Frost In the poem Birches by Robert Frost, Frost portrays the images of a child growing to adulthood through the symbolism of aging birch trees. Through these images readers are able to see the reality of the real world compared to their carefree childhood. The image of life through tribulation is the main focal point of the poem and the second point of the poem is if one could revert back to the simpler times of childhood. The language of the poem is entirely arranged through images, although it contains some diction it lacks sound devices, metaphors, and similes compared to other published works by Frost. The first half of the poems’ images are of life, coming of age, and death. The first†¦show more content†¦The word loaded describes about the burden of being old compared to youthfulness just like the burden of the ice on the trees. Shattering and avalanching on the snow such heaps of broken glass to be swept away is a representation of the final stage in life and that is death. The shattering of the branches is like the death of a person and the sweeping away of the branches is like a funeral. Youd think the inner dome of heaven had fallen is the passing on of life into the after life. Also the shattering of the ice could represent renewed hope for the future because the burden has been lifted from the branches. â€Å"They are dragged to the withered bracken by the load, And they seem not to break; though once they are bowed is an image of someone who has aged but not passed on yet. So low for long, they never right themselves represents how they will never be able to relive their childhood. While the first half of the poem deals with the coming of age the second half of the poem deals with childhood and wanting to stay young for as long as possible. The first image of childhood by Frost is when Truth broke in With all her matter-of-fact about the ice storm, I should prefer to have some boy bend them. A boy bending the trees in stead of ice storm allows the tree to never age because they will always return to their original shape and never break by the burden of a load. This is further expressed By riding them down over and over again Until he tookShow MoreRelatedEssay on Analysis of Birches by Robert Frost811 Words   |  4 PagesIn the poem Birches by Robert Frost, Frost portrays the images of a child growing to adulthood through the symbolism of aging birch trees. Through these images readers are able to see the reality of the real world compared to there carefree childhood. The image of life through tribulation is the main focal point of the poem and the second point of the poem is if one could revert back to the simpler times of childhood. The language of the poem is entirely arranged through images, although it containsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem Birches By Robert Frost1711 Words   |  7 PagesEarth. Robert Frost features this idea through his poem â€Å"Birches.† Frost discusses this idea through a falsehood, for, at first glance the meaning of the poem is significantly different than the deeper meaning. Although â€Å"Birches† seems to be about a child frolicking through the trees, Frost’s â€Å"Birches† is actually about how people act cruelly towards nature and how they should change their ways to respect the earth, because the tenor, the form and vehicle, and critical interpretation. Robert Frost’sRead MoreAnalysis Of Robert Frost s Birches 3014 Words   |  13 PagesThe most misinterpreted element in Robert Frost poetry is his use of nature in a symbolic way. Frost is not describing the inner workings of nature as we see it all around us, but about exploring human psychology. For example, Frost uses Homely farmers, rural scenes, landscapes, and the natural world to epitomize a psychological struggle with an everyday experience that is often met with courage, will, and purpose; contextually, using Frost’s own life and personal psychology. Frost’s attitude inRead MoreEssay on Hardships in Birches by Robert Frost1013 Words   |  5 PagesHardships in Birches by Robert Frost In any life, one must endure hardship to enjoy the good times. According to Robert Frost, the author of Birches, enduring lifes hardships can be made easier by finding a sane balance between ones imagination and reality. The poem is divided into four parts: an introduction, a scientific analysis of the bending of birch trees, an imaginatively false analysis of the phenomenon involving a New England farm boy, and a reflective wish Frost makes, wantingRead MoreEssay on Analysis of Birches559 Words   |  3 PagesAnalysis of Birches  Ã‚   The discursive blank-verse meditation Birches does not center on a continuously encountered and revealing nature scene; rather, it builds a mosaic of thoughts from fragments of memory and fantasy. Its vividness and genial, bittersweet speculation help make it one of Frosts most popular poems, and because its shifts of metaphor and tone invite varying interpretation it has also received much critical discussion, not always admiring. The poem moves back and forth betweenRead MoreThe Poetry Of Robert Frost3137 Words   |  13 Pagesexamine the poetry of Robert Frost for references to themes of nature, religion, and humanity and how they relate to each other. This exercise will be prefaced with a brief introduction to the man and his life as a segue to better understanding Frost’s verse. The unexpected but unavoidable aim of this composition will be to realize that Frost’s body of work is almost too sophisticated to comprehend, his manipulation of language so elusive that each reader may believe Frost is speaking only to themRead MoreEssay about The Psychology of Robert Frost’s Nature Poetry3064 Words   |  13 PagesThe Psychology of Robert Frost’s Nature Poetry Robert Frost’s nature poetry occupies a significant place in the poetic arts; however, it is likely Frost’s use of nature is the most misunderstood aspect of his poetry. While nature is always present in Frost’s writing, it is primarily used in a â€Å"pastoral sense† (Lynen 1). This makes sense as Frost did consider himself to be a shepherd. Frost uses nature as an image that he wants us to see or a metaphor that he wants us to relate to on a psychologicalRead MoreWinter: A Magical Time of Year809 Words   |  3 Pagesand the cold weather. Winter is a great time to just sit inside by a fire and read a book. The peace and quiet of winter is also what makes it one of the best seasons of the year. The analysis of the following poems â€Å"Now Winter Nights Enlarge† by Thomas Campion, â€Å"Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening† by Robert Frost, â€Å"Like Brooms of Steel† by Emily Dickinson, â€Å"Winter Morning† by William Jay Smith, â€Å"Winter: 10 degrees† by Barbara Novack, and â€Å"Winter Sunday† by Mark Wunderlich will show how they areRead MoreModern Cinem Mise En Scene2125 Words   |  9 PagesWhite captivates when winter strikes with its fierce frigid air, leaving those in its reach stuck in the â€Å"nothing that is not there and the nothing that is.† The only so lution of winter’s enclosure is the sweet escape of an affectionate sun. Passage Analysis (Passage Two) Karen Tei Yamshita’s Tropic of Orange offers unique insight into the minds of seven curiously connected individuals. One such individual, Buzzworm, brings a confidently optimistic outlook for the future of his neighborhood in L.ARead MoreRobert Frost : A New England Poet3698 Words   |  15 PagesRobert Lee Frost Known for being a New England poet Robert Frost was born in San Francisco, California on March 26th, 1874. Born to a New England father William Prescott Frost Jr. and a Scottish mother Isabelle Moodie who moved to the west coast from Pennsylvania after marriage (Bailey). Both his parents were teachers and poets themselves, but his father later became a journalist with the San Francisco Evening Bulletin (Bailey). Frost spent 12 years of his life growing up in San Francisco, until

An Essay on School Free Essays

An essay on school Issues surrounding school can never be over analysed. At first glance school may seem unenchanting, however its study is a necessity for any one wishing to intellectually advance beyond their childhood. While much has been written on its influence on contemporary living, school is featuring more and more in the ideals of the young and upwardly mobile. We will write a custom essay sample on An Essay on School or any similar topic only for you Order Now Inevitably feelings run deep amongst those most reliant on technology, obviously. Here begins my indepth analysis of the glourious subject of school. Social Factors Society is a human product. The immortal and indispensable phrase ‘honesty is the best policy’ [1] globalised an issue which had remained buried in the hearts of our ancestors for centuries. Both tyranny and democracy are tried and questioned. Yet school helps to provide some sort of equilibrium in this world of ever changing, always yearning chaos. Some analysts have been tempted to disregard school. I haven’t. To put it simply, people like school. Economic Factors Economics has been defined as ‘I’ll scratch your back if you scratch mine.’ To my learned ear that sounds like two people with itchy backs. We will study the Custard-Not-Mustard model. For those of you unfamiliar with this model it is derived from the Three-Amigos model but with greater emphasis on the outlying gross national product. Political Factors Politics, we all agree, is a fact of life. Comparing international relations since the end of the century can be like observing school and political feeling. In the words of the star of stage and screen Esperanza Woodpecker ‘People in  glass houses shouldn’t through parties.’ [2] He was first introduced to school by his mother. It is a well known ‘secret’ that what prompted many politicians to first strive for power was school. I wait anxiously. What will the next few years bring for school? Conclusion We can conclude that the school may not be the best thing since sliced bread, but it’s still important. It fills a hole, puts out ‘fires’, and most importantly it perseveres. Let’s finish with a thought from star Nicole Jackson: ‘Oooh yeah school shoo badaby dooo.’ [3] How to cite An Essay on School, Essays

Managing Across Border International Business

Question: Discuss about theManaging Across Borderfor International Business. Answer: Introduction This report is focused on the study of outsourcing concept in international business. Outsourcing is used by many companies, as it helps to reduce cost of business by assigning work to another company or agency offering outsourcing services in specific field of business. There are various types of outsourcing projects in the international business like IT, manufacturing, sales, finance and human resource. Outsourcing plays an important role in international business. Outsourcing is helpful for the business, as it helps to pays more attention on core business objective and goals to the company. Further, this report critically evaluates the advantage and disadvantage of the outsourcing decisions in the business. Every business has to follow formal process to implement the outsourcing business decisions. Different steps of this process include strategy, selection, negotiation, implementation, management and completion. The report also focuses on challenges of outsourcing decisions and t he ways in which challenges can be mitigated. Outsourcing: Outsourcing is also called as business process outsourcing, which is used by various companies to decrease cost of business by transferring their work to outside people or supplier instead of doing it internally. It is a cost reducing strategy for the business when applied in a systematic manner. Sometimes, it can be affordable to buy products from companies as compared to produce the goods internally. Further, when business requires skills and expertise, which they do not have in their company, they transfer their work to another people or businesses to solve complete their work (Crize, 2014). In general, the term outsourcing means going out to get the source of what you require in the business. These days many businesses provide outsourcing for what companies require for serving the people. For an example: Dell buys some of computer part from another company to reduce its production cost. Outsourcing has many advantages like outsourcing allows organizations to find the experts for their specific works. A company can enjoy various advantages with outsourcing like capital improvement, wealth maximization and profit maximization. Along with this, the outsourcing business strategies are generally cheaper reducing cost and risk in business. Different Types of Outsourcing Decision in International Business Outsourcing strategy is helpful for taking quality decision-making in organizations for todays market scenario in the world. Organizations in international business are using the outsourcing contracts for different kinds of business needs on long-term basis for managing the particular department of the organization. The work of different departments in companies at international business platform is outsourced such as IT, Manufacturing, Sales, Human Resource and many more. The outsourcing firms are working on behalf of the same industry. Different types of outsourcing are taken for enhancing cost efficiency of company (Pamela et.al, 2015). The out-sourcing decisions are also taken for peripheral business activities, critical activities and strategic and problem-solving activities or core competence activities. Example of peripheral activitys outsourcing involve outsourcing of canteen, medical facilities to employees, transport facilities etc. If the company is outsourcing these activ ities, company will have enough time to contribute more focus on core objective of the company. On the other side, example of critical activities is the IT department of the company. Outsourcing of these activities will be helpful to more focus on other important departments of the company. For IT department, companies may need to outsource another firm for handling back of security data, total management facilities, internal audit and data processing of organization (Elizabeth, 2012). It is the example for critical activity outsourcing. Lastly, strategic and problem-solving activities are also outsourced by different organizations. For handling these problems, outsources firm (i.e. business consultants) appoints the person (with experience in the industry) for handling the problematic situations. Strategic problem may be related to different strategies adopted by the organization for the development of business. For example: For problem solving purpose in the organization, an outso urcing contract can be taken into action to know how it can see the issue related to the dispute between the employee and employer in organization (Douglas and Scott, 2012). For, resolve these problems company can also open a grievance handling cell as an alternative to outsourcing, but it may impose higher costs on business. What is the Role of Outsourcing Decisions in International Business? Every organization has the need to list out the reasons for taking outsourcing decision before stake-holders of company. Outsourcing decision is concerned about the subject matter and objective of the organization. Owner of the company will discuss its plan with different departments of the company and will do a cost benefit study of the outsourcing decision (Ian, 2012). Then the management will finalize the outsourcing decision based on the requirements of the organization. However, company will also coordinate with the employees of the company if they have any issues from the outsourcing decision. If the company takes wrong decision for outsourcing, then all the money and time will be wasted. Outsourcing is helpful for the organization, as it enables management if company to pays more attention of the others important operations of the company. Further, the organization decides to take the outsourcing decision for reducing the cost of the business (llan et.al, 2011). For example, the manufacturing of specific equipment of computers causes higher capital and efforts rather it can be outsourced for lesser amount. Therefore, outsourcing firm which the organization has given the contract will be responsible for manufacturing related issues for the specific equipment. It will helpful for the company to give more focus on others core competencies of the business. There are various business operations, if the organizations plan to implement these all by their own, the cost of business will be very high. Most of organizations at international level like banking firms, retail organizations, technology firms (like HP, Dell etc) outsource their customer care operations due to cost benefits. In case, the organizations set-up their own CSR department, it will cause costly to the company. At international business platform, it is not easy for a business entity to conduct recruitment operations smoothly due to differences of cultural, demographic and national backgrounds (Stephanie, 2012). In this situation, the outsourcing of HR proved to be productive to the companies. The outsourcing strategy is also helpful to MNCs to avail bus/transport services for their staff. The set-up of new transport department can be highly cost enhancer for the companies. Similarly, the outsourcing decisions are effective in the field of canteen facilities, security servi ces etc. Outsourcing is better option, because the same services are carried out in organization by experts in the field of service. Advantage of Outsourcing Decision Outsourcing project provides various advantages to both parties (i.e. company and outsourced vendors). The outsourcing has established a new form of business for major entrepreneurs. The major benefit of outsourcing to company is the cost and time saving in business. Few companies provide their work to other countries. They get their work done at a lower cost with better quality as compared to their own country (Schniederjans et al, 2015). Quality of work is high which ensures that low cost does not provide low quality in the work. Outsourcing eliminates the requirement of infrastructure and any equipment in the business. Outsourcing work provider also takes the responsibilities to develop infrastructure required for accomplishment of assigned work. Companies do not need to invest capital in training and recruiting of employees for their business. Outsourcing provider has the responsibility to hire/recruit and train candidates to complete their assigned work. One of the greatest bene fits of outsourcing is risk sharing in business. Through outsourcing a company can shift certain risk or obligations to outsourced vendor. Further, outsourced vendor also get responsibility with outsourcing work (Rothaermel, 2015). Outsourced vendor takes responsibilities to get work done at the right time with right accuracy. If the outsourced company does not complete work in that situation they also have to face loss in the business. Disadvantage of Outsourcing Decision A major disadvantage of outsourcing is that the companies have to disclose their secrets of the business with outsourced vendor. In addition to this, they have to pass other information like client information, login information, and business process (Dinu, 2015). Therefore, outsourced vendor is able to implement on provided work. Outsourcing company has always risk related to loss of reputation and secrets of his business. Along with this, companies are dependent on the outsourced vendors. If outsourced vendors service will go down or if their outsourcing project price will increase, the company will get loss or company will be closed due to lack of project. Apart from this, there is another disadvantage of outsource strategy, that the outsourced vendor shall have control on companys management. The company management has to lose control from outsourced department or operation (Prakken, 2012). But, the outsourced vendor will need to follow rules and regulations of company, to maintain infrastructure and to recruit people according to their requirement policies. When a company makes a contract with an outsourced vendor, various information and detail can be hidden. Few charges are hidden, which is not included in a contract like legal fees of a lawyer or making a contract with other countries company. An outsourced vendor provides specific work to other companies. Under this situation, the company just focuses on their work rather than customers satisfaction. In many cases, the outsourcing company does not get employees for outsourcing work due to lack understanding of organization culture. Sometime, the company hires employees, who do not have knowledge about work and culture of the company. Apart from this, it affects the performance of the business, because the company does not have fit employees according to the requirement of business or work. In that condition business entity will not get success or cannot sustain in the international as well as in local markets. What are Formal Steps of Implementation of Outsourcing Decision? The outsourcing decision has a specific process and path. A successful outsourcing decision is beneficial and costs saving for the business. It focuses on process improvement, core business, reduces time, expansion of business and cost containment (Boguslauskas and Kvedaravi?ien?, 2015). The formal process of outsourcing includes various steps, the detail of which is discussed as below: Strategy: It is the first phase, where senior level management takes decision to measure and reviewed to outsourcing project. It is the part of long-term strategy to get maximum profit and to concentrate on core competencies. This kind of decision can be for a particular project, program and operation. At this, step a strategy of outsourcing for organization is framed. Selection: Under this step, the company explores different vendors providing outsourcing service in required business segment and selects the most appropriate vendor for outsourcing work. The company requests information about the project or proposal process and finally selects the best fit project vendor. There are a various process in the selecting phase like defining the work, sourcing the vendor and selecting the vendor. Negotiation: Negotiation is a method in which two or more person settle differences. Negotiation is an approach, which is used for business deal and decision-making. Further, two phases are involved in negotiation process, viz. first negotiating the contract and second is signing the contract. Under this step of negotiation, the management of company negotiates with vendor providing outsourcing facilities with regards to different aspects of the contract. Implementation: This step involves the function of implementation on the outsourced agreement. Also, it includes generating the administrative activities which are a need for their management. The three major functions involved in the implementation steps are planning the transition, preparing the budget, and launching the program. Management: This step focuses on all activities, which are required to manage the outsourcing project and achieve the decided results. There are various activities which come in management activities such as managing the customer, managing the partnership or relationship with outsourced vendor, monitoring project, and negotiating changes in the project. Completion: It is the final phase of outsourcing, which includes close out function for the project. The two major functions of this step are completion of the contract and closing out the project. Challenges Faced by Organizations with Outsourcing Decisions Beyond benefits offered by outsourcing, there are also many challenges with the outsourcing strategy. The challenges are faced irrespective of how well the planning is made, budgeted and staffed. Culture difference at international level is challenge that is faced in the organization like work culture differences between both parties and differences between national culture, which are uncontrollable nowadays. Further, clashes in the work culture can create conflicts in the organization (Done, 2012). Results of culture difference may impact output standards, decision-making qualty, and operational techniques in the organization. On the other hand, the organization also has to face nation culture difference like understanding and language barriers. There is no another solution instead of creating a strong relationship between the employees and outsourcing vendors. Participation of client leader is important because they analyze the output. Lack of leaders participation will result in slow progress or failed project. Further, client leaders must have dialogues between the service provider and the organization. An organization expects and believes that outsourced vendor will take care of everything. Therefore, the organization keeps high expectation from the outsourced vendor (Brown and Wilson, 2012). If the outsourced vendor does not fulfill their expectation, then it can create conflict. Due to this, client can become frustrated and disappointed. On the other hand, besides the cost of outsourcing work, the client must focus on the risk, which comes with the project. Both outsourced vendor and client determine s the goals and objective of the project according to prepared strategy, which helps to face challenges of the organization. Ways/strategies to Mitigate the Challenges Use An Effective Outsourcing Model: It is very important element in implementing an outsourcing strategy, that the companies should utilize an effective outsourcing model. The use of model should be fit in organization according to their needs and opportunity to achieve objectives and goals. Further, outsourcing model can be divers, numerous and complex as the organization and outsourced vendor that utilize them (Mclvor, 2010). An outsourcing model has various variables such as contractual flexibility, distribution of responsibility, duration and scope. But main variable of outsourcing model is the distribution of responsibility between the outsourcing vendor and the company. Start Slowly, Build Gradually: Senior management of the organization should not focus on strategy on quickly to get success. Further, this decision should be decided according to successive outsourcing project. Companies should make sure and should take enough time to generate a solid foundation for their business (Blackthorn, 2015). Business firms may not think to get success/achievement by first outsourcing project. Both parties (i.e. company and outsourcing vendor) work together in outsourcing project therefore company should make a good relationship with outsourced vendor to achieve the objective and goals of the business. Count the Costs: It is also important to set-up realistic expectation, because the expectations are included in the cost of outsourcing. Senior management has to face implication to cut costs while hiring of skilled labor. The company has to add hidden cost in their actual work like the selection of a vendor, transitioning work, dealing with cultural differences, infrastructure and communication costs. Some hidden cost can be above 20-30 percent in outsourcing contract. In addition to this, company can minimize these costs with a right approach and management system. It is the best way to centralize the cost instead of distributing costs. It stimulates project to get the benefit of cost saving by reduced expenses. Understanding and Management of the Risks: It is not enough to make a list of risk that are expected to be present in the business, rather companies require to give priorities to manage risks which is based on anticipated impacts. In addition to this, if risks appear in the business, the company should act fast to execute the mitigation strategy to eliminate that particular risk. Set Realistic Expectations: After making objective and goals, the company requires revisiting objective and goals to make clear that they are realistic or not. It is important for the company to set its objectives (both business objectives and objectives behind major outsourcing decisions) realistic. They should focus on vendor selection cost, infrastructure, hidden cost, and lesson learned to measure profit. A realistic set of expectation enables companies to have more realistic picture of the growth and stability of the business. Return on investment calculation brings at one place, which helps to predict how these all variable will contribute in the business. Unrealistic expectation can spoil outsourcing work and cost which is invested in the business. Apart from this, a set of realistic expectation helps to support strategy. In simple form, return on investment shows how much an organization should invest in the business. Define Clear Objective: A successful outsourcing strategy starts with measurable objective and goals. Objective describes the reason of making a program, providing a framework of working, illuminating business value to make a decision (Boguslauskas and Kvedaravi?ien?, 2015). It also discusses that which outsourcing model should be used, what project should be outsourced. The objective states the context to analyze the degree of success or un-success chances of the strategy. Apart from this, it is also important for the organization that outsourcing is not a solution to every business problem. A strategy without any business objectives and goals may lead to ambiguous results and management planning. This way, the outsourcing decision needs to be taken with smart and intelligent discussion in organization. Conclusion From the above analysis, outsourcing occurs in the market, when a company provides work to another people or company rather than doing it internally to reduce cost of the organization. It is also cheaper in order of reducing cost and risk, and salaries. Apart from this, it also plays an important role in international business. Company follows a process to implement outsourcing project to get decided result. Outsourcing project has various advantage like risk sharing, cost advantage, saving cost of infrastructure and technology. On the other hand it also has various disadvantages like Loss of Confidentiality, Dependence on the outsourced vendor, Loss of managerial control, Hidden cost and Lack of customer focus. Companies are also facing many challenges in outsourcing project decision like Culture difference and Participation of client leader. To mitigate the challenge of outsourcing decision companies need to focus on various points like define clear objective, understand the manage ment risk, count the cost in advance , use an effective outsourcing model and Start slowly, build gradually. References Abbott,P.,Zheng,Y.,and Du,R.(2015) Collabration of learning and innovation across outsource services value network.UK: Springer. Blackthorn, D. (2015) What strategies do companies use to mitigate risks with offshore outsourcing?. [Online]. Available at: https://www.quora.com/What-strategies-do-companies-use-to-mitigate-risks-with-offshore-outsourcing (Accessed: 8 December 2016). Boguslauskas, V. and Kvedaravi?ien?, G. (2015) Strategic Outsourcing Plan and the Structure of Outsourcing Process. Engineering Economics, 58(3). Brown, D. and Wilson, S. (2012) The Black Book of Outsourcing: How to Manage the Changes, Challenges and Opportunities. USA: John Wiley Sons. Brown, D., and Wilson, S. (2012) The black book of outsourcing: How to manage changes, challenges and opportunites.UK: John Wiley and sons. Crize, T. (2014) what is outsourcing? Know all about outsourcing. USA: Createspace Independent Pub. Dinu, A. (2015) the Risks and Benefits of Outsourcing. Knowledge Horizons. Economics, 7(2), p.103. Done, V. (2012) Problems with Outsourcing And How to Overcome them. [online]. Available at: https://www.virtualdonewell.com/problems-with-outsourcing-and-overcome-them/ (Accessed: 8 December 2016). Mclvor, R. (2010) Global Service outsourcing. UK: Cambridge University Press. Morgan, J. S. (2012) The human side of outsourcing: physiology and management practices. UK: John Wiley and sons. Oshri, I., Kotlarsky, J., and Willocks, P.L. (2011) Handbook of global outsourcing and offsourcing.UK: Palgrave Macmillan. Prakken, B. (2012) Information, Organization and Information Systems Design: An Integrated Approach to Information Problems. Germany: Springer Science Business Media. Rothaermel, F. (2015) Strategic management. McGraw-Hill. Schniederjans, M., Schniederjans, A. and Schniederjans, D. (2015) Outsourcing and Insourcing in an International Context. UK: Routledge. Sparrow,E.(2012) Sucessful It outsourcing:From chossing the provider to manage the project.UK: Springer Science Business Media. Tho, I. (2012) Managing the risk of IT outsourcing. UK: Routledge.

Likely Effects Of Biofuels On Biodiversity An Environmental Sciences Essay Example

Likely Effects Of Biofuels On Biodiversity An Environmental Sciences Essay 1st coevals biofuels, the feedstocks are besides used as nutrient harvests and are chiefly used to bring forth biodiesel and bioethanol. These biofuels are straight produced and processed easy from the biofuel harvests or workss such as rapeseed, sunflower, sugar cane, maize etc. The 2nd coevals biofuels are generated from works lignocellulosic stuff. Bioethanol is generated by treating the lignocellulosic works stuff. Many perennial grasses, poplar, willow, forestry, agricultural waste merchandises etc are besides used to bring forth this 2nd coevals biofuels. The 3rd coevals biofuels are produced from algae which might non vie with nutrient harvests, doing it really feasible and more promising to be used. But the 2nd coevals and largely the 3rd coevals is non yet commercially feasible as the engineering is good advance and it is still undergoing development ( Biemans et al. , 2008 ) . This essay will be looking at the likely effects or impact of biofuels on biodiversity viz. the impact on home ground, impact on C segregation, impact on H2O quality and measure, impact of increased chemical usage, and impact of forestry and agricultural waste on biodiversity. This essay will besides briefly expression at a instance survey of biofuel impact in Netherlands. 2. Biofuel likely effects on biodiversity We will write a custom essay sample on Likely Effects Of Biofuels On Biodiversity An Environmental Sciences specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Likely Effects Of Biofuels On Biodiversity An Environmental Sciences specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Likely Effects Of Biofuels On Biodiversity An Environmental Sciences specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The addition in biofuel demand and usage has lead to several environmental impacts that might ensue in either negative or positive impacts on biodiversity. Biofuels can positively impact as a sustainable renewable beginning of energy, depending on its production technique, and can besides hold a negative impact, depending on the sustainability of its development. Bioefuel has a positive potency for cleaner fuels, and greater possibility for economic growing for rural communities and for husbandmans ( Pimentel and Patzek, 2007 ) . The major impact of biofuel on biodiversity is land-use alteration ( Koh, 2007 ) , and in state of affairs where biofuel will supply major part of planetary energy, this will countervail the possible extenuation of clime alteration due to decrease in green house gas emanation, by infringing extra lands to bring forth biofuel. Biofuel feedstocks picks, cultivation patterns, and the type of land that it is grown on, will find the positive or negative impact on biodiversity ( UNEP, 2008 ) . Impact on Habitat Crops grown in deforested country or degraded lands with decreased dirt cultivated land and agricultural inputs to supply feedstock for biofuel production could potentially impact biodiversity positively by reconstructing home ground and ecosystem map ( Cook and Beyea, 2000 ) . Turning perennial species for biofuel feedstocks besides have positive biodiversity impact than one-year monoculture planting, as some works or harvest rotary motion for biofuel feedstock can be good for some works species, butterfly, birds and some beings etc ( Cook and Beyea, 2000 ) . The most important cause for negative biodiversity impact globally is Habitat loss ( MEA, 2005 ) , and this could happen as a consequence of biofuel feedstocks production replacing other land utilizations, making negative impact on biodiversity. The addition in feedstock production could be affected indirectly taking to extension usage of land, this is seen in the instance where addition in maize monetary values for illustration in US has lead to husbandmans exchanging more land area of land from other harvest land usage to the cultivation of more maize ( Pimentel et al. , 2009 ) or direct extensions of cultivated countries which further additions habitat loss. For illustration, forested countries, peatlands, grasslands and wetland can be encroached for biofuel feedstock production. This can be seen in South-East Asia, where addition in demand for palm oil for the production of biodiesel has lead to a monolithic and extended deforestation, seting force per unit area on designated preservation countries ( Koh, 2007 ) . Besides in Brazil, demands for addition in the production of soy bean and sugar cane for biofuel has lead to monolithic loss of biodiversity in Cerrado and the Amazon rain forest ( Costa et al. , 2007 ) . Impact on Carbon Sequestration Land-use alteration due to biofuel feedstock harvest can besides act upon C dioxide emanation ( Searchinger et al. , 2008 ) . For illustration feedstock plantation for bioenergy on debauched land could increase the segregation of C, extenuating the planetary heating impact due to climate alteration ( Tilman et al. , 2006 ) . However, where big root of the perennial feedstock species for biofuel still remains in the dirt after crop, the sum of C in the dirt might be increased as a consequence of excess C being released from the roots to the dirt. The usage of sustainable agricultural patterns and high diverseness harvest rotary motion systems on debauched land can besides increase C segregation as a consequence of increasing dirt organic affair ( Tilman et al. , 2006 ) . Similarly, biofuels generated from waste and residues merchandises could hold no negative important impact on biodiversity and clime alteration as land usage alteration is non required for the production of the feedstock ( Searchinger et al. , 2008 ) . Biofuel feedstock plantation established on C rich dirt or forested land will greatly negate and out weigh the cleaner fuel from biofuel generated utilizing sustainable production by let go ofing monolithic nursery gases breathing as a consequence of land-use alteration and feedstock production. Procedures affecting drainage of peatlands, wetlands and glade of lands by fire for biofuel feedstock plantation can be destructive with respect to air quality and nursery gas emanations ( Righelato and Spracklen, 2007 ) . For illustration in south-east Asia, due to high demand in palm oil production, peatlands has besides been drained to run into the mark and as a consequence, it has been estimated that up to 100 metric tons of carbon-dioxide are releases in a twelvemonth per hectare and firing the peatlands doubles or three-base hits this value ( Righelato and Spracklen, 2007 ) , negatively impacting both below-ground and above biodiversity. In south-east Asia, United States and Brazil, it has been found through surveies that change overing peatlands, rain forests and grasslands for the plantation of crop-based biofuel feedstocks ( 1st coevals feedstocks ) table.1, creates carbon debt by bring forthing carbon-dioxide 17- 420 times more than the nursery gas one-year decreases derived by replacing dodo fuel usage with biofuels ( Fargione et al, 2008 ) . Water Quality and Quantity Impact Bioenergy harvest productions besides have impacts on H2O quality and handiness. Surveies have shown that biofuel feedstock production most particularly harvest feedstocks or first coevals biofuel feedstocks ( table.1 ) impact H2O resources negatively ( Berndes, 2002 ) . For illustration biofuel harvests like sugar cane, oil thenar, maize etc requires big sum of H2O for its productiveness and other biofuel feedstock harvests with greater water-use productiveness such as coconut and sugar Beta vulgaris can set force per unit area on the H2O tabular array ( Shepard, 2006 ) . There are besides instances of terrible H2O pollution, destructing aquatic life due to increases cultivation and production of biofuel feedstock. In 2007, the planetary nature fund named the Pantanal in Brazil the A ; acirc ; ˆ?threatened lake of the twelvemonth 2007 A ; acirc ; ˆA? due to H2O run outing from soya bean Fieldss, cultivated at the catchments of this lake as a consequence of increased demand and cultivation of biofuel feedstock ( Global Nature Fund, 2007 ) In Malaysia every bit good, Palm Oil Mill Effluent ( POME ) , residue of biofuel processing from palm oil is the major pollutant discharge into the Malayan rivers ( Ahmad et al. , 2006 ) . On the positive note, some of the biofuel feedstock harvests might be used in one of the bioremediation methods or phyto-remediation of contaminated H2O undertakings ( Berndes, 2002 ) . Increase Chemical use Impact on Biodiversity Expansion of lands for the production of biofuel feedstocks with homogenous cropping has lead to the increased usage of chemical applications like pesticides to command plague and besides most particularly more fertilisers to increase the dirt food and feedstock outputs has resulted in the increased emanation of N from dirt which is the major emanation beginning of azotic oxide universe broad ( MEA, 2005 ) . This azotic oxide has really high planetary heating potencies greater than that of carbon-dioxide. The addition usage of fertiliser, if sustainable patterns are non maintained to forestall leaching and eutrophicating foods emanation, can ensue in the increased eutrophication of aquatic and tellurian ecosystem and thereby ensuing to loss of biodiversity ( MEA, 2005 ) . Consequently, utilizing trees and perennial or 2nd coevals biofuel feedstock harvests ( table.1 ) , reduces the application of agrochemicals and as a consequence impacts the environment and biodiversity positively. Invasive Speciess Impact There is besides concern for invasive species debut to the ecosystem due to biofuel feedstock production ( Raghu et al, 2006 ) . Some of the 2nd coevals biofuel feedstock productions such as woody species and grasses ( table.1 ) have invasive species traits which include long canopy period, rapid growing and high H2O usage productiveness. It is feared that these biofuel feedstock harvests if introduced will non merely occupy but will besides displace some autochthonal species ensuing in lessening or loss of biodiversity ( Ragh et al, 2006 ) . For illustration in United States, biofuel feedstock harvests such as Johnson grass ( Sorghum halepense ) , Reed canary grass ( Phalaris arundinacea ) and Giant reed ( Arundo donax ) are already known to be invasive. Impact of Forestry and Agricultural Waste Feedstock on Biodiversity Waste is the 2nd chief beginning of 2nd coevals biofuel feedstock ( table.1 ) . Woody waste feedstock coevals can be harvested straight from forest or sawing Millss. Low C segregation and large-scale biodiversity losingss in woods is due to the remotion of deceasing and dead trees from the wood, as many woodland species live and feed on these waste ( Paul and Ernsting, 2007 ) . For illustration nonvascular plants, Fungis, invertebrates, lichens, beetling etc provender and live on forest dead forests depending on the dead wood volume assortment and grades of decomposition nowadays ( Jonsson et al. , 2005 ; Jonsell et al. , 2007 ) . Dead wood facilitates tremendous assortment of arthropods which attracts higher degrees of many species such as birds. Extraction and glade of this waste will diminish the home grounds of these species and might emphasize the productiveness of the wood. Similarly, remotion of the forestry waste merchandises for biofuel production can impact biodiversity positively by cut downing the hazard of forest fires. The impact of agricultural waste on biodiversity either positive or negative depends on the home ground they are generated from and the waste merchandise. Grass film editings remotion helps protect the profusion of species aided by unfastened home grounds and besides semi-natural grasslands are conserved from natural sequence. Removal of agricultural waste besides prevents the grass land from losing its aesthetic values and assorted ecosystems. Removal of grass or works litters or waste helps diminish the dirt food or organic affair and this enhances the profusion of species in diverse grassland home grounds ( Hansson and Fogelfors, 2000 ) . Consequently, remotion of agricultural waste for illustration straw, leftover from barley and wheat, which is used to increase the dirt organic affair can impact biodiversity negatively as dirt beings will be reduced and this might connote in the addition usage of nitrate fertilisers which has inauspicious consequence or impact on the fresh water and land ecosystem and besides on biodiversity every bit good ( Paul and Ernsting, 2007 ) . 3. Case Study: impact of biofuel production from wood french friess on biodiversity in Netherlands. The Son Heathland and the New Heathland are nature modesty countries in Netherlands with several pools, heathlands and forest dunes covering about 600 hectares ( Biemans et al. , 2008 ) . The municipality of these heathlands uses waste merchandises from these heathlands to bring forth biofuels in order to protect and conserve the heathland ecosystem from turning into a wood ( Biemans et al. , 2008 ) . The heathland ecosystem and its species profusion are sustained by guaranting care of unfastened infinite, as the heathland ecosystem might be taken over by forest if trees were non cut and cleared and used for the processing and coevals of biofuel. Not droping and cutting the trees might do a negative impact on biodiversity as rare species found in the heathland might free their home ground and the necessary ecosystem services needed for their endurances. Similarly, cutting the trees around the heathland ecosystem helps in the natural regeneration of the trees which provides chances for the safety of animate beings and workss. Normally, forestry waste is non removed in some ecosystem to conserve specific species and the ecosystem, but in these sites the Son Heathland and the New Heathland, it is removed for the production of biofuel, which helps to heighten and conserve the heathland ecosystem thereby impacting biodiversity both negatively and positively. 4. Decision The potency for biofuel to function as an energy security to protect and replace dodo fuel due to uninterrupted depletion of the dodo fuel minerals resource and besides its possible to extenuate green house gasses is great. But if sustainable direction ( e.g. for land usage and feedstock picks ) , policies and criterions are non set and implemented for the production of biofuels or bioenergy, the unsustainable practise in the production will do serious negative impact on biodiversity by destructing assorted ecosystem and home grounds. Besides societal impacts can non be ignored every bit good, as biofuel production might and will vie with nutrient harvests production in future, if attention is non taken to sustainable balance its production and will thereby impact the multitudes.

Free sample - The Economic Report. translation missing

The Economic Report. The Economic ReportNational bank of Kenya limited is a financial institution engaged in the provision of services such as banking, financial and others related to these. The bank owns two subsidiaries namely: Natbank Trustee and Investment Services Limited and the Kenya National Capital Corporation Limited (Kariuki 2010). This bank has encountered several problems over the last few years and the country’s central bank which monitors the operations of all financial institutions in the country has predicted that unless the bank changes tact, it will be bedeviled by the same problems over the next couple of years. These problems include demand and supply problems, economic problems, non performing loans portfolio as well as technology problems (Kariuki 2010). According to reports from the central bank, the bank’s nonperforming loans accounted for about 43.5% of the total loans in the month of June (Kariuki 2010). This was above the industry range which was estimated to be 15.8%. These nonperforming loans can be attributed to reckless lending policies. Statistics from the central bank also indicate that the bank has a huge revenue deficit of four billion Kenya shillings (Kariuki 2010). This deficit is to be settled through realized profits. Economists from the central bank however indicate that this may not be feasible as the bank is unlikely to issue dividends, a move that may see many share holders desert the bank hence a profit dive (Kariuki 2010). The bank’s total capital base as a percentage of total risk weighted assets has not reached the statutory threshold which is placed at 12%. Its estimated to be at 10%, a fact that makes payment of dividends further impossible. Due to the huge nonperforming loans, the bank decide d to go slow on lending, a move that saw many of its customers move to the less risky investments. These investments include but not limited to: Government securities such as treasury bonds and treasury bills (Kariuki 2010). Statistics from the central bank show that the bank’s loans to private households declined by 19.7% while lending to finance and insurance sectors reduced by 25.3% last year (Kariuki 2010). The central bank predicts a further reduction in these two for the next few years. The emergence of many micro-finance institutions such as K-Rep, Jamii Bora Trust, and Kenya Women Finance Trust, which have captured the low-end of the market has compounded the problems facing the bank further (World Bank [WB] 2010). This is because, these microfinance institutions offer lower lending interest rates on their loans hence attracting many unbanked citizens who may have been absorbed by the National Bank (Kariuki 2010). The location of these micro-finance institutions enable them to capture more customers. This is because they are spread throughout the country’s rural areas where majority of the unbanked citizens reside. The bank adopted a policy of high interest rates on its loans so as to cover their level of exposure, a move that greatly reduced the demand for the bank’s loans (WB 2010) The introduction of mobile banking by the country’s leading telecommunication company, Safaricom limited has also been a thorn in the bank’s flesh. Many people in Kenya who had not been captured by the banking world found it simpler to start accounts with the telecommunication company (Omwansa 2010). This is because of the convenience involved in carrying out transactions which involves simply the use of mobile phones. Mpesa is the name given to the mobile banking of the telecommunications company (Omwansa 2010). Mpesa customers are able to carry out transactions such as paying bills, money transfers, shopping in supermarkets using phones, and many more other transactions. The demand for accounts in this bank and others in the country is expected to reduce as more people jump into the mobile banking band wagon (Omwansa 2010). The problem is expected to get worse as more telecommunication companies in the country have emulated Safaricom. For instance, the country’ s second largest telecommunication company by customer base, Zain Kenya has introduced a similar mobile banking program called Zap (Omwansa 2010). Many banks in the country have introduced a technology that enables bank customers to manipulate their bank accounts using mobile devices. Failure by this bank to follow suit has made it fail to attract potential customers (Omwansa 2010). This technology allows customers to transfer money from their banks to their mobile phones which they can then withdraw through the telecommunication companies’ money outlets such as Mpesa and Zap (Omwansa 2010). This saves them the inconvenience of travelling to the banks to transact. The country’s third largest telecommunication company by customer base, Yu has also entered the mobile banking band wagon through its Yu cash. This has captured even more customers whose destiny would otherwise have been in the banking world (Omwansa 2010). The country has witnessed an explosion of pyramid schemes which have lured many citizens into depositing money with them. These schemes have convinced many people to withdraw money from their bank accounts which has led to a poor performance by the banks (Jack 2010). This is because, money which the banks could have issued as loans is now disappearing into the pyramid schemes. These schemes operate on a simple principle; people who bank with them first benefit from funds brought in by subsequent customers when their pay time comes (Jack 2010). If the number of people qualifying for payment exceeds the amount of money brought in by new customers, the owners of the schemes disappear with all the investments. If the country’s central bank doesn’t control the operations of these pyramid schemes, then banks are expected to suffer more in the next few years (Jack 2010). The economy of the country performed poorly in the last financial year as a result of a post election violence. This has also greatly affected the bank since the government is its largest shareholder . Poor economic performance also translates to lack of funds to put into bank accounts by the bank’s customers hence the bank is affected adversely (Jack 2010). If the performance of the economy is not turned around in the next few years, then the bank is expected to perform more poorly. The diagram below shows the likely demand and supply situation in the bank over the next three years. This is still the current situation. Reduction in supply has been witnessed since the bank has been forced to close down some of its branches due to the poor performance. The bank is expected to close more of its branches in future if the problems are not solved. Closing down of accounts coupled with the problems discussed earlier has led to a decrease in demand for the bank’s financial services. To turn around this poor performance, the bank should consider a number of solutions. Firstly, the bank should consider expanding to the rural part of the country in order to capture unbanked people from the low-end of the market (Jack 2010). The bank should also consider a reduction in its loans interest rates in order to increase the demand of the same (Jack 2010). The bank should also consider introducing a technology that would allow customers to manipulate their bank accounts using mobile devices. However, for the bank to keep a competitive edge over the others in the same line of production, they should do this differently. Instead of cooperating with the existing mobile networks, the bank can consider coming up with its own platform. This is because, the telecommunications firms are also themselves involved in mobile banking, so collaborating with them amounts to collaborating with a competitor. This can only be to the advantage of the competitor (Jack 2010). The bank should a lso reduce the requirements for opening an account with them. These requirements include minimum deposit, passports, ATM processing fee etc. while passports are quite important, the bank can consider purchasing cameras for taking the passports without charging the customer (Jack 2010). The bank should also consider increasing the number of marketers so as to capture as many potential customers as possible. Opening many ATM machines throughout the country would also go a long way in helping the bank turn around its poor performance. Lastly, the bank should pressurize the central bank to come up with policies which discourage the mushrooming of pyramid schemes (Jack 2010). This paper has discussed the problems afflicting the National Bank of Kenya. These problems have included: nonperforming loans, huge revenue deficit, competition from micro-finance institutions which offer loans with lower interest rates, low customer base due to failure to capture rural areas, competition from telecommunications companies which have invested in mobile banking, failure to take advantage of modern technology involving mobile banking and finally competition from rogue pyramid schemes. Solutions which can turn around this poor performance have also been discussed. These have included: expanding to the rural part of the country in order to capture unbanked people from the low-end of the market, introducing a technology that would allow customers to manipulate their bank accounts using mobile devices, reducing the requirements for opening an account with them, introducing more ATM machines and finally pressurizing the central bank to come up with policies which discourage the mushrooming of pyramid schemes.

Eassay Analysis (human resources) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Eassay Analysis (human resources) - Essay Example It guarantees equal opportunity for individuals with disabilities in public accommodations, employment, transportation, State and local government services, and telecommunications†¦ Persons with HIV disease, both symptomatic and asymptomatic, have physical impairments that substantially limit one or more major life activities and are, therefore, protected by the law. â€Å"(1) A. The act of Marion County in requiring an applicant be medically examined prior to any offer of a job is illegal. In a decided case it was ruled that the â€Å"Chicago Board of Educations requirement for any job applicant to provide a complete medical history and to submit to a medical examination is tantamount to requiring HIV status disclosure and is thus violative of the Disabilities Act (ADA), the Rehabilitation Act, and Federal and State constitutional guarantees to privacy and equal protection under the law.†(3) Thus the â€Å"Board agreed not require applicants to submit to the medical exam unless they have a conditional offer of employment.† (4) B. The act of denying Mr. Poole employment on account that he has AIDS. This allegation by Mr. Poole must first be proven. For him to find a basis for his allegation he must be found to possess all of the following: The ADA prohibits employment discrimination against qualified individuals with disabilities. A "qualified individual with a disability" is a person who meets legitimate skill, experience, education, or other requirements of an employment position he or she holds or seeks, and who can perform the "essential functions" of the position with or without reasonable accommodation. (5) Essential functions of the job are those core duties that are the reason the job position exists†¦Requiring the ability to perform "essential" functions assures that an individual with a disability will not be considered unqualified because